Genetic Engineering
From bacteria to humans, all organisms are composed of cells.
The information needed to grow and maintain a cell is encoded in
a chemical called DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). In several
ways, DNA is like videotape. Both are linear tapes that carry
information. Both can be copied. The information on both cannot
be read directly, but rather must be translated. With videotape,
the information is translated into pictures and sounds. With
DNA, the information is translated into proteins, including
enzymes and hormones that regulate the cell.
Most significantly to biotechnology, both videotape and DNA
can be rearranged, new material inserted and the new version can
be copied.
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